Analysis and Interpretation Flashcards

Mary is a five-year-old who attends preschool. She recently had an occupational therapy evaluation, and on a standardized test of her visual-motor skills, she performed two deviations below average. With this information, what would be a reasonable objective?

Answer: Mary is going to draw representational pictures using shapes.

Explanation: A five-year-old should be able to draw realistic pictures, as it is a visual motor ability that prepares them for writing. Finding pictures requires visual perception; holding a pencil requires grasp alone; moving pegs is activity-based and too specialized to be applied to other contexts.

An occupational therapist reviews a goal regarding an elderly client with a hip fracture who recently fell while peer-reviewing a colleague's documentation. Which SMART goal criteria is missing from this objective? "Tracy will transfer to and from her toilet, given a walker and grab bars, with minimum assistance in 4/4 trials within three days."

Answer: Attainable

Explanation: She may not be able to accomplish this goal in the allotted time given her old age and recent fall. The particular action of toileting provides sufficient context for the purpose. Even without Ana's entire occupational profile, the goal is relevant to address her fundamental needs because using the restroom is an ADL. Ana's level of assistance and the level of accuracy required are measured by the goal.

Treatment plans are being planned by an occupational therapist for a teenage patient with an intellectual disability. The client mentioned that he prefers to shop alone using transportation. For this client, which of the following interventions would NOT be appropriate?

Answer: Creating a comprehensive list of every step required to complete the task.

Explanation: In terms of safety, this person must be able to apply knowledge to various situations. Making a comprehensive list is too inflexible and useless in the event of a change.

Regarding an eight-year-old who has been newly diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and is enrolled in the school's response to intervention (RTI) program, an occupational therapist who works in the school provides advice to a teacher. The teacher explains that she has concerns about his lack of social connection, limited attention span, and sensory-seeking behavior. Which Tier 2 setting is the best fit for the therapist to execute the intervention?

Answer: A group of five children engaged in STEM-focused construction

Explanation: Small groups are used in Tier 2 interventions to provide more specialized assistance to children who are at risk. A Tier 3 (universal) intervention would take place at recess and involve every child in the grade level. Tier 1 interventions include the ones in answers C and D.

With a possible overuse injury, an adolescent softball pitcher's occupational therapist creates goals. Which objective is the most suitable?

Answer: When participating in approved softball drills, report no more than a 3/10 on a pain scale.

Explanation: This objective is activity-based and measurable. Within the scope of occupational therapy practice, the other possibilities can be acceptable objectives but not goals.

The school team is receiving advice from an occupational therapist after Tom, a 6-year-old student, had a sensory assessment. The student wants proprioceptive input because he is overly responsive to auditory and tactile input. Which modification would be suitable to encourage Tom's participation in class?

Answer: Taking a heavy break from work every two hours.

Explanation: The proprioceptive system is stimulated by heavy work, and Tom can enhance his participation in class by taking advantage of scheduled opportunities. Children who are overly sensitive to visual stimuli can benefit from the method of clearing out visual clutter. Tom is too receptive to tactile cues, thus they should be avoided. Given Tom's sensory profile, unstructured music time could be alarming.

Mr. Smith is an elderly man with age-related musculoskeletal deterioration who was recently assessed by an occupational therapist. Though he was able to utilize a rolling walker recently, he is no longer able to stand without assistance. Mr. Smith's cognitive abilities are not a concern for the occupational therapist. Which wheelchair would be the most appropriate given this information?

Answer: Manual lightweight chair with contoured seat

Explanation: Mr. Smith could manage a manual lightweight wheelchair as he has most recently utilized a rolling walker. Maintaining his upper body strength will be aided by his ability to propel himself.

The occupational therapist suspects a child may have somatodyspraxia during an initial evaluation. Which area of the evaluation should the OT concentrate on?

Answer: New motor task planning

Explanation: A deficit in learning new motor skills, planning new motor actions, and generalizing motor plans is referred to as “somatodyspraxia.”

A child avoids playground equipment that requires her feet to be off the ground. What does this conduct probably indicate?

Answer: Gravitational insecurity

Explanation: Gravitational insecurity is known as "fear response to movement". The child easily gets afraid of falling and would rather have her feet planted firmly on the ground.

Jerry, 30, is being assessed after experiencing a flare-up of symptoms related to multiple sclerosis. With a greater emphasis on performance skills, the occupational therapist intends to develop a comprehensive occupational profile. What is an example of a performance skill?

Answer: Ability to pace

Explanation: The three types of performance skills are social, process, and motor. Performance patterns include routines. Client factors include muscular tone and values.

An occupational therapist (OT) evaluating self-care for a patient who just had a brain injury instructs the patient to comb his hair right away after washing his face. The patient rapidly washes his face, but the therapist has to remind him to comb his hair multiple times. Which area is the OT most likely to see this as a deficit?

Answer: Working memory

Explanation: Working memory is the area where information is temporarily stored while being handled or worked on. One aspect of it is the capacity to remember details right away upon exposure. It facilitates conscious attentional focus and information tracking while an activity is being performed.