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Veterinary Pharmacology Flashcards

7 cards from real NAVLE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Veterinary Pharmacology flashcards as text

  1. Which drug is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity in cats?

    Answer: N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

    N-acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione stores, allowing detoxification of the toxic acetaminophen metabolite NAPQI and is the primary antidote for acetaminophen toxicity.

  2. Organophosphate toxicity in animals is treated with which combination of drugs?

    Answer: Atropine and pralidoxime (2-PAM)

    Atropine blocks muscarinic signs of organophosphate toxicity while pralidoxime reactivates acetylcholinesterase if given early before 'aging' of the enzyme occurs.

  3. Which of the following correctly describes 'first-pass metabolism'?

    Answer: Hepatic metabolism that reduces bioavailability of orally administered drugs before reaching systemic circulation

    First-pass metabolism refers to the hepatic biotransformation of an orally administered drug as it passes through the portal circulation before reaching systemic circulation, reducing bioavailability.

  4. A bird (psittacine) presents with a bacterial infection. Which antibiotic class should be avoided due to risk of fatal dysbiosis?

    Answer: Lincosamides and macrolides at high doses

    Lincosamides (e.g., clindamycin) and certain macrolides can cause fatal disruption of the GI microbiome in birds, similar to the antibiotic-associated enterocolitis seen in other species.

  5. Which drug is used to treat urinary incontinence in spayed female dogs by increasing urethral sphincter tone?

    Answer: Phenylpropanolamine (PPA)

    Phenylpropanolamine is an alpha-adrenergic agonist that increases urethral sphincter muscle tone and is the drug of choice for hormone-responsive incontinence in spayed dogs.

  6. Which flea and tick preventive acts as a selective antagonist of insect GABA-gated chloride channels?

    Answer: Fipronil

    Fipronil selectively blocks GABA-gated chloride channels in insects and arachnids, causing CNS hyperexcitability and death; it has low affinity for mammalian receptors.

  7. A horse with endotoxemia requires treatment with flunixin meglumine. What is the primary reason flunixin is preferred over other NSAIDs in this scenario?

    Answer: It effectively inhibits COX-mediated thromboxane production at low doses, reducing endotoxin-induced vascular effects

    Flunixin meglumine at low doses inhibits thromboxane synthesis and attenuates some hemodynamic effects of endotoxin, making it particularly beneficial in horses with endotoxemia.