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Veterinary Pharmacology Flashcards

7 cards from real NAVLE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Veterinary Pharmacology flashcards as text

  1. A dog receives an overdose of acepromazine. Which statement about acepromazine reversal is correct?

    Answer: There is no specific reversal agent; treatment is supportive

    Acepromazine, a phenothiazine tranquilizer, has no specific reversal agent; management consists of supportive care including IV fluids and vasopressors for hypotension.

  2. Which class of drugs can cause crystalluria and urinary obstruction in dogs, particularly in acidic urine?

    Answer: Sulfonamides

    Sulfonamides can precipitate in acidic urine and form crystals, potentially causing crystalluria, hematuria, and renal tubular obstruction.

  3. A cattle producer wants to treat a cow with bacterial pneumonia. Which beta-lactam antibiotic has an approved long-acting formulation for cattle?

    Answer: Ceftiofur

    Ceftiofur (as ceftiofur crystalline free acid) has a long-acting formulation approved in cattle that provides therapeutic concentrations for several days.

  4. What is the primary concern when using ketamine as the sole anesthetic in a dog?

    Answer: Inadequate muscle relaxation and increased muscle tone

    Ketamine alone causes increased muscle tone and catalepsy rather than muscle relaxation, so it is typically combined with a benzodiazepine or alpha-2 agonist for adequate relaxation.

  5. Which drug used in cattle to synchronize estrus can cause luteolysis by acting on the corpus luteum?

    Answer: Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α)

    Prostaglandin F2α causes regression of the corpus luteum (luteolysis), leading to a decrease in progesterone and allowing the next follicular wave to result in estrus.

  6. Which antifungal drug works by inhibiting the enzyme lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase, disrupting ergosterol synthesis?

    Answer: Fluconazole

    Fluconazole (and other azole antifungals) inhibit lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase, blocking ergosterol synthesis and disrupting fungal cell membrane integrity.

  7. A dog with dilated cardiomyopathy is started on digoxin. Which electrolyte abnormality increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?

    Answer: Hypokalemia

    Hypokalemia potentiates digoxin toxicity because potassium and digoxin compete for the same binding site on Na+/K+-ATPase; low potassium increases digoxin binding and effect.