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Feline Internal Medicine Flashcards

7 cards from real NAVLE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A cat with chronic vomiting undergoes endoscopic biopsy showing diffuse infiltration of small lymphocytes in the lamina propria. PARR testing confirms clonality. Which diagnosis is confirmed?

    Answer: Small cell lymphoma

    Clonal small lymphocyte infiltration confirmed by PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR) distinguishes small cell lymphoma from IBD, which is polyclonal.

  2. Which urine specific gravity value is most consistent with isosthenuria in a cat with suspected chronic kidney disease?

    Answer: 1.012

    Isosthenuria (USG 1.008–1.012) indicates the kidneys cannot concentrate or dilute urine beyond plasma osmolality, a hallmark of significant tubular dysfunction.

  3. A cat on long-term methimazole therapy for hyperthyroidism develops facial excoriation, pruritus, and jaundice. Which complication is most likely?

    Answer: Hepatotoxicity and immune-mediated dermatitis

    Methimazole can cause hepatotoxicity and facial pruritus/excoriation due to immune-mediated dermatitis, both reasons to consider alternative therapy such as radioiodine or surgery.

  4. A 9-year-old cat presents with hypercalcemia (total Ca 14.2 mg/dL), weight loss, and peripheral lymphadenopathy. Which condition is most likely?

    Answer: Lymphoma

    Lymphoma is the most common cause of hypercalcemia of malignancy in cats, mediated by PTHrP secretion.

  5. Which finding on echocardiography best differentiates hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) from physiologic cardiac hypertrophy secondary to hyperthyroidism in a cat?

    Answer: Systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve

    SAM of the mitral valve causing dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction is characteristic of primary HCM and is not a feature of hyperthyroid-induced hypertrophy.

  6. A cat is found to have hypokalemia (K+ 2.8 mEq/L) and symmetric cervical ventroflexion. Which underlying disease is most commonly associated with this presentation in cats?

    Answer: Hyperaldosteronism (Conn's syndrome)

    Primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn's syndrome) causes chronic hypokalemia in cats, leading to hypokalemic polymyopathy characterized by ventroflexion of the neck.

  7. A cat with a suspected portosystemic shunt has an ammonia tolerance test performed. Which additional diagnostic best confirms intrahepatic vs. extrahepatic shunt location?

    Answer: CT angiography

    CT angiography (computed tomographic angiography) provides precise anatomic delineation of shunt location and morphology, guiding surgical planning.