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Bovine Herd Health Management Flashcards

7 cards from real NAVLE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A veterinarian is performing a herd reproductive evaluation. Which metric best represents overall reproductive efficiency in a beef cow-calf operation?

    Answer: Percentage of cows pregnant by 90 days post-calving (21-day pregnancy rate)

    The percentage of cows pregnant by 90 days post-calving (equivalent to a 90-day breeding season) measures overall reproductive efficiency by accounting for both conception rate and submission rate.

  2. Foot rot (Fusobacterium necrophorum infection) is common in beef feedlots. Which environmental management change has the greatest impact on reducing foot rot incidence?

    Answer: Reducing mud and standing water in pen areas to minimize skin maceration

    Wet, muddy conditions cause skin maceration between the claws, allowing Fusobacterium necrophorum to invade; pen drainage and mud management are the most impactful environmental interventions.

  3. A dairy herd has a high prevalence of digital dermatitis (Mortellaro's disease). Which treatment is most effective for active, painful lesions?

    Answer: Topical oxytetracycline applied to the lesion and wrapped with a bandage

    Topical oxytetracycline or lincomycin applied directly to digital dermatitis lesions after cleaning and drying, covered with a bandage, achieves the highest cure rates for active M2 lesions.

  4. When designing a biosecurity protocol for a cow-calf operation, which practice is MOST important for preventing introduction of Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV)?

    Answer: Testing all purchased cattle for BLV antibodies before introduction and segregating positives

    BLV is most effectively prevented by serological testing (AGID or ELISA) of all purchased cattle and excluding seropositive animals, since there is no approved vaccine in the US.

  5. A beef producer asks about strategies to reduce the use of medically important antimicrobials in the feedlot. Which intervention is the best alternative for reducing bovine respiratory disease (BRD) morbidity?

    Answer: Implementing metaphylaxis only for high-risk cattle combined with optimization of vaccination protocols

    Targeted metaphylaxis in high-risk cattle combined with robust vaccination programs reduces BRD morbidity while minimizing overall antibiotic use, consistent with antimicrobial stewardship principles.

  6. Which reproductive technology is used to synchronize estrus in beef heifers and cows to facilitate fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) without heat detection?

    Answer: Ovsynch or Select Synch protocols combining GnRH, progesterone (CIDR), and prostaglandin F2α

    The 7-day CO-Synch+CIDR or Ovsynch protocols combining GnRH, a CIDR insert, and prostaglandin F2α synchronize follicular wave and luteal regression to enable fixed-time AI without heat detection.

  7. A dairy herd has a transition cow program. Which serum calcium concentration defines subclinical hypocalcemia (milk fever) in periparturient cows?

    Answer: <2.0 mmol/L (8.0 mg/dL) without clinical signs

    Subclinical hypocalcemia is defined as serum calcium <2.0 mmol/L (8.0 mg/dL) without overt clinical signs, and it predisposes cows to other periparturient disorders including metritis, displaced abomasum, and ketosis.