NARM Anatomy, Physiology and Fetal Development

Question 1

Which hormone, secreted by the trophoblast, maintains the corpus luteum in early pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Answer

hCG is produced by the trophoblast after implantation. It signals the corpus luteum to keep making progesterone until the placenta takes over, around 8-12 weeks.

Question 2

In fetal circulation, which structure shunts blood from the right atrium directly to the left atrium?

Accepted Answer

Foramen ovale

Answer

The foramen ovale lets most oxygenated blood bypass the nonfunctional fetal lungs by passing from the right atrium to the left atrium. It normally closes after birth when pulmonary pressure falls.

Question 3

Which vessel carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus?

Accepted Answer

The umbilical vein

Answer

The single umbilical vein carries oxygen- and nutrient-rich blood to the fetus. The two umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated blood back to the placenta.

Question 4

Which pelvic type is classically considered most favorable for vaginal birth?

Accepted Answer

Gynecoid

Answer

The gynecoid pelvis has a rounded inlet, a wide subpubic arch, and generous diameters. These suit passage of a fetal head in most presentations.

Question 5

Implantation of the blastocyst typically occurs about how many days after fertilization?

Accepted Answer

6-10 days

Answer

The blastocyst reaches the uterus about 3-5 days after fertilization and implants in the endometrium around days 6-10.

(NARM) North American Registry of Midwives Practice Test

(NARM) North American Registry of Midwives Practice Test

NARM Anatomy, Physiology and Fetal Development