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Pharmacology and Drug Mechanisms Flashcards

7 cards from real NAPLEX QBANK practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Pharmacology and Drug Mechanisms flashcards as text

  1. Which mechanism explains the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel?

    Answer: Irreversible P2Y12 ADP receptor blockade

    Clopidogrel's active metabolite irreversibly inhibits the platelet P2Y12 ADP receptor.

  2. A patient on warfarin starts amiodarone; what is the expected interaction?

    Answer: Increased INR from CYP2C9/CYP3A4 inhibition

    Amiodarone inhibits CYP2C9 and CYP3A4, raising warfarin levels and INR.

  3. Which diuretic acts on the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in the thick ascending limb?

    Answer: Furosemide

    Loop diuretics like furosemide inhibit the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter.

  4. The mechanism of metformin's glucose-lowering effect primarily involves:

    Answer: AMPK activation and decreased hepatic gluconeogenesis

    Metformin activates AMPK and reduces hepatic glucose production.

  5. Which receptor does ondansetron antagonize to prevent nausea?

    Answer: 5-HT3 serotonin receptor

    Ondansetron blocks 5-HT3 receptors centrally and in the GI tract.

  6. What best describes the action of sacubitril in sacubitril/valsartan?

    Answer: Neprilysin inhibition increasing natriuretic peptides

    Sacubitril inhibits neprilysin, raising beneficial natriuretic peptide levels.

  7. Which agent is a selective beta-2 agonist used for acute bronchospasm?

    Answer: Albuterol

    Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist that relaxes bronchial smooth muscle.