Health Promotion & Disease Prevention Flashcards
7 cards from real MSNCB practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Health Promotion & Disease Prevention flashcards as text
A nurse is counseling a 50-year-old patient about colorectal cancer screening. Which recommendation aligns with current US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines for average-risk adults?
Answer: Begin screening at age 45 using any approved method
USPSTF recommends colorectal cancer screening beginning at age 45 for average-risk adults using any approved modality.
Which behavior change model focuses on an individual's readiness to change and identifies stages from precontemplation through maintenance?
Answer: Transtheoretical Model
The Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change) describes readiness to change across five stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.
A med-surg nurse is educating a patient with hypertension about the DASH diet. Which food choice best reflects DASH diet principles?
Answer: Low-fat dairy, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
The DASH diet emphasizes low-fat dairy, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and limits sodium and saturated fat to reduce blood pressure.
A nurse assesses a 65-year-old male patient who smokes 1 pack per day. Which cancer screening is specifically recommended for this patient based on his smoking history?
Answer: Annual low-dose CT scan of the chest
USPSTF recommends annual low-dose CT (LDCT) lung cancer screening for adults aged 50–80 with a 20 pack-year history who currently smoke or quit within the past 15 years.
Which primary prevention strategy is most appropriate for a community with a high incidence of type 2 diabetes?
Answer: Implementing weight management and exercise programs for at-risk individuals
Primary prevention aims to prevent disease onset; lifestyle interventions targeting weight and physical activity reduce type 2 diabetes risk in high-risk populations.
A nurse teaches a patient about secondary prevention. Which activity is an example of secondary prevention?
Answer: Performing a mammogram to detect early breast cancer
Secondary prevention involves early detection of disease through screening, such as mammography to identify breast cancer before symptoms appear.
A patient asks a nurse about the difference between efficacy and effectiveness of a vaccine. Which response is most accurate?
Answer: Efficacy measures performance in controlled trials; effectiveness measures real-world performance
Vaccine efficacy refers to performance under controlled trial conditions, while effectiveness reflects how well a vaccine works in real-world populations.