Renal Nursing Flashcards
7 cards from real MSNCB practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Renal Nursing flashcards as text
A renal transplant patient is prescribed tacrolimus. Which adverse effect requires regular laboratory monitoring?
Answer: Nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity
Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor with dose-dependent nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity; trough levels and renal function must be monitored closely.
A patient with renal artery stenosis is started on an ACE inhibitor. Which laboratory change requires immediate attention?
Answer: Acute rise in serum creatinine >30% from baseline
A creatinine rise of >30% after starting an ACE inhibitor in renal artery stenosis suggests significant reduction in glomerular filtration pressure, warranting dose adjustment or discontinuation.
Which nursing action is essential before drawing blood from the arm with an AV fistula?
Answer: Avoid all venipuncture and blood pressure measurements in that arm
The arm with an AV fistula must be protected from venipuncture, BP cuffs, and IVs to preserve the access site and prevent damage or thrombosis.
A patient with CKD develops pruritus. Which intervention is most appropriate to address uremic pruritus?
Answer: Ensure adequate dialysis and prescribe emollients or antihistamines
Uremic pruritus is managed with optimized dialysis to reduce uremic toxins, combined with topical emollients and antihistamines for symptomatic relief.
Which finding in a 24-hour urine collection indicates nephrotic-range proteinuria?
Answer: Protein excretion >3.5 g/day
Nephrotic syndrome is defined by proteinuria exceeding 3.5 g/day in adults, reflecting significant glomerular damage.
A nurse is caring for a patient with AKI in the diuretic (recovery) phase. Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely?
Answer: Hypokalemia and hyponatremia
During the diuretic phase of AKI, large volumes of urine are excreted, causing loss of potassium and sodium, requiring close electrolyte monitoring and replacement.
Which dietary recommendation is appropriate for a CKD patient to slow disease progression?
Answer: Moderate protein restriction (0.6–0.8 g/kg/day)
Moderate protein restriction (0.6–0.8 g/kg/day) reduces uremic toxin production and glomerular hyperfiltration, slowing CKD progression.