Pharmacology & Medication Management Flashcards
7 cards from real MSNCB practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pharmacology & Medication Management flashcards as text
A patient receiving warfarin has an INR of 4.8. Which action should the nurse take first?
Answer: Notify the provider immediately
An INR of 4.8 is supratherapeutic and places the patient at high bleeding risk, requiring immediate provider notification.
Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with digoxin toxicity?
Answer: Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia potentiates digoxin toxicity by increasing drug binding to myocardial cells and reducing renal elimination.
A nurse is preparing to administer metformin. Which condition is an absolute contraindication?
Answer: Chronic kidney disease with eGFR 25 mL/min
Metformin is contraindicated when eGFR is <30 mL/min/1.73 m² due to risk of lactic acidosis from drug accumulation.
Which medication classification requires a baseline hearing assessment before initiation?
Answer: Aminoglycosides
Aminoglycosides are ototoxic and can cause irreversible sensorineural hearing loss, necessitating baseline and ongoing audiologic monitoring.
A patient on heparin infusion develops sudden onset of thrombocytopenia and new clots on day 7 of therapy. The nurse suspects:
Answer: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
HIT classically presents with thrombocytopenia and paradoxical thrombosis 5–10 days after heparin initiation due to immune-mediated platelet activation.
When educating a patient newly prescribed lisinopril, the nurse should instruct the patient to report which adverse effect?
Answer: Dry, persistent cough
ACE inhibitors like lisinopril commonly cause a dry, nonproductive cough due to bradykinin accumulation in the lungs.
A patient is receiving IV vancomycin. The nurse notices flushing, erythema, and hypotension during infusion. The priority action is to:
Answer: Slow the infusion rate and monitor the patient
Red Man Syndrome is an infusion rate-related reaction to vancomycin; slowing the infusion rate typically resolves symptoms and is the first intervention.