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Research Methods and Evidence-Based Practice Flashcards

7 cards from real MPT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A clinical test has a sensitivity of 90%. This means:

    Answer: 90% of people who have the disease will test positive

    Sensitivity is the true positive rate — the proportion of people with the condition who correctly test positive; high sensitivity means few false negatives.

  2. The Number Needed to Treat (NNT) is best calculated as:

    Answer: The reciprocal of the absolute risk reduction

    NNT = 1/Absolute Risk Reduction and represents how many patients must be treated for one additional patient to benefit compared to the control condition.

  3. The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) is best defined as:

    Answer: The smallest change in an outcome measure that patients perceive as meaningful

    MCID represents the threshold of change that patients consider beneficial, bridging the gap between statistical significance and clinical relevance.

  4. A 95% confidence interval for a mean difference that does not include zero indicates:

    Answer: Statistical significance at the p<0.05 level

    A 95% CI not crossing zero corresponds to p<0.05, indicating the true difference is unlikely to be zero and the result is statistically significant.

  5. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) is most appropriately used to assess:

    Answer: The reliability of continuous measurement data

    ICC quantifies reliability (test-retest or inter-rater) for continuous data, with values approaching 1.0 indicating excellent reliability.

  6. In a prospective cohort study, participants are:

    Answer: Identified by exposure status and followed forward in time to observe outcomes

    In prospective cohort studies, participants are enrolled based on exposure status before the outcome occurs and then followed forward in time to observe outcome incidence.

  7. The kappa statistic is used to measure:

    Answer: Agreement between categorical measurements beyond what is expected by chance

    Cohen's kappa measures inter-rater agreement for categorical data, correcting for agreement that would be expected by chance alone.