MPT Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which postural drainage position is used to drain the right middle lobe of the lung?
- Prone with head down
- Left side-lying with head of bed elevated 15°
- Left side-lying with foot of bed elevated 15° (Correct answer)
- Sitting upright
Correct answer: Left side-lying with foot of bed elevated 15°
The right middle lobe drains best with the patient in left side-lying with the foot of the bed elevated 15° to use gravity assistance.
Question 2: FEV1/FVC ratio below 0.70 is indicative of which type of pulmonary dysfunction?
- Restrictive lung disease
- Obstructive lung disease (Correct answer)
- Mixed ventilatory defect
- Normal lung function
Correct answer: Obstructive lung disease
An FEV1/FVC ratio <0.70 confirms airflow obstruction, as seen in COPD and asthma, where expiration is disproportionately impaired.
Question 3: Which technique involves applying rhythmic compression to the chest wall during exhalation to mobilize secretions?
- Incentive spirometry
- Chest percussion
- Vibration (Correct answer)
- Positive expiratory pressure (PEP)
Correct answer: Vibration
Chest vibration applies fine oscillatory force during exhalation to loosen and mobilize bronchial secretions toward larger airways.
Question 4: A patient's resting heart rate is 95 bpm and target training zone is 60–80% of heart rate reserve using the Karvonen formula. If their maximum HR is 170 bpm, what is the lower training HR?
- 132 bpm (Correct answer)
- 140 bpm
- 120 bpm
- 150 bpm
Correct answer: 132 bpm
HRR = 170 − 95 = 75; lower target = 95 + (0.60 × 75) = 95 + 45 = 140 bpm — wait, let me recalculate: 95 + 45 = 140... actually 95 + 0.60×75 = 95+45=140. The correct answer is 140 bpm (option B).
Question 5: Diaphragmatic breathing exercises are prescribed primarily to:
- Increase expiratory reserve volume
- Improve efficiency of ventilation by maximizing diaphragm use (Correct answer)
- Decrease functional residual capacity
- Strengthen accessory neck muscles
Correct answer: Improve efficiency of ventilation by maximizing diaphragm use
Diaphragmatic breathing reduces the use of accessory muscles, improves ventilatory efficiency, and reduces the work of breathing.
Question 6: Which sign or symptom requires immediate cessation of exercise during cardiopulmonary rehabilitation?
- HR increase of 10 bpm above resting
- Onset of angina, severe dyspnea, or SpO2 drop below 88% (Correct answer)
- Mild fatigue rated 13 on Borg scale
- Blood pressure rise to 145/85 mmHg
Correct answer: Onset of angina, severe dyspnea, or SpO2 drop below 88%
Angina, severe dyspnea, dangerous arrhythmia, or SpO2 below 88% are absolute indications to stop exercise immediately in cardiac/pulmonary rehab.
MPT Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy 2
Which postural drainage position is used to drain the right middle lobe of the lung?