MPH Global Health & Disease Prevention 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which of the following is a Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) directly related to health?
- SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy
- SDG 3: Good Health and Well-Being (Correct answer)
- SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
- SDG 4: Quality Education
Correct answer: SDG 3: Good Health and Well-Being
SDG 3 — Good Health and Well-Being — is the primary health-focused goal among the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals adopted in 2015.
Question 2: The 'One Health' concept recognizes that:
- All people deserve equal access to one standard of health care
- Human, animal, and environmental health are deeply interconnected (Correct answer)
- A single global health authority should govern disease control
- Primary care should be the one focus of global health systems
Correct answer: Human, animal, and environmental health are deeply interconnected
One Health promotes interdisciplinary collaboration across human medicine, veterinary science, and environmental science to achieve optimal health for all species and ecosystems.
Question 3: Vertical disease control programs in global health focus on:
- Community-based multi-disease health system strengthening
- A single disease or condition with dedicated, disease-specific resources and interventions (Correct answer)
- Training of generalist community health workers
- Primary care delivery across multiple health conditions
Correct answer: A single disease or condition with dedicated, disease-specific resources and interventions
Vertical programs target a single disease (e.g., malaria, HIV, tuberculosis) with dedicated funding and infrastructure, in contrast to horizontal system-strengthening approaches.
Question 4: What is the primary purpose of international health regulations (IHR)?
- To standardize pharmaceutical pricing across countries
- To prevent and respond to public health risks that cross international borders (Correct answer)
- To regulate international clinical trials and drug approvals
- To govern migration of health care workers between countries
Correct answer: To prevent and respond to public health risks that cross international borders
The IHR (2005) is a legally binding WHO framework that requires countries to build core public health capacities and report events that may constitute a public health emergency of international concern.
Question 5: Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) disproportionately face a 'double burden of disease,' meaning:
- Twice the death rate of high-income countries
- Coexisting high rates of infectious diseases alongside rapidly rising chronic non-communicable diseases (Correct answer)
- A dual health financing system combining public and private payers
- Higher rates of both mental illness and substance use disorders
Correct answer: Coexisting high rates of infectious diseases alongside rapidly rising chronic non-communicable diseases
The double burden describes the simultaneous challenge LMICs face of unfinished infectious disease control while experiencing a growing epidemic of chronic NCDs.
Question 6: Universal Health Coverage (UHC) means:
- Free health care for all citizens funded by the government
- All people receive the health services they need without suffering financial hardship (Correct answer)
- A single insurance plan covering all health services globally
- Equal health outcomes for all population groups
Correct answer: All people receive the health services they need without suffering financial hardship
UHC ensures that all individuals can access essential health services of sufficient quality without experiencing financial hardship from out-of-pocket payments.
MPH Global Health & Disease Prevention 2
Which of the following is a Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) directly related to health?