MPH Epidemiology & Biostatistics

Question 1

What does 'incidence rate' measure in epidemiology?

Accepted Answer

The number of new cases in a population over a time period

Answer

The total number of existing cases at a point in time

Answer

The proportion of deaths among those diagnosed

Answer

The rate of recovery from a disease

Question 2

Which study design is considered the gold standard for establishing causality?

Accepted Answer

Randomized controlled trial

Answer

Cross-sectional study

Answer

Case-control study

Answer

Cohort study

Question 3

A p-value of 0.03 means:

Accepted Answer

There is a 3% probability of observing results as extreme as these if the null hypothesis is true

Answer

There is a 3% chance the null hypothesis is true

Answer

There is a 97% chance the alternative hypothesis is true

Answer

The study has 97% power

Question 4

What is a confidence interval used for in public health research?

Accepted Answer

To estimate the range within which the true population parameter likely falls

Answer

To determine if a study is ethical

Answer

To calculate sample size requirements

Answer

To adjust for confounding variables

Question 5

Which measure of disease frequency is most appropriate for chronic diseases with long duration?

Accepted Answer

Prevalence

Answer

Incidence rate

Answer

Attack rate

Answer

Case fatality rate

Question 6

Relative risk (RR) of 1.0 indicates:

Accepted Answer

No association between exposure and outcome

Answer

A strong positive association

Answer

A strong negative association

Answer

The study was underpowered