Nail Anatomy & Disorders Flashcards
7 cards from real MNT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Nail Anatomy & Disorders flashcards as text
The nail growth rate in healthy fingernails averages approximately:
Answer: 3 mm per month
Fingernails grow approximately 3 mm per month under normal conditions, with toenails growing more slowly.
Yellow nail syndrome is associated with all of the following EXCEPT:
Answer: Iron-deficiency anemia
Yellow nail syndrome is linked to lymphedema, respiratory disease, and pleural effusions, not iron-deficiency anemia.
Pterygium unguis involves:
Answer: Forward extension of the cuticle adhering to the nail plate
Pterygium unguis is the abnormal adherence of the cuticle/proximal fold skin to the nail plate, often due to lichen planus.
A subungual hematoma appears as:
Answer: Dark red or black discoloration beneath the nail plate
A subungual hematoma is a collection of blood beneath the nail plate following trauma, appearing dark red to black.
Which dermatophyte species most commonly causes tinea unguium (onychomycosis) in toenails?
Answer: Trichophyton rubrum
Trichophyton rubrum accounts for the majority of dermatophyte-caused onychomycosis cases worldwide.
Melanonychia striata is characterized by:
Answer: A longitudinal brown-black band in the nail
Melanonychia striata presents as a longitudinal brown or black band caused by melanin deposition from matrix melanocytes.
The proximal nail fold serves primarily to:
Answer: Protect the matrix and provide the cuticle
The proximal nail fold overlies and protects the nail matrix while its undersurface produces the cuticle (eponychium).