Cross-Sentence Grammatical Role Matching Flashcards
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In 'The QUICKLY sprinting runner crossed the line,' QUICKLY modifies a participle. In 'She sang an extremely beautiful song,' which word functions the same way as QUICKLY?
Answer: extremely
QUICKLY is an adverb modifying the participle 'sprinting.' In the target sentence, 'extremely' is also an adverb modifying the adjective 'beautiful,' making it the parallel grammatical role.
In 'BARKING loudly, the dog scared the child,' BARKING functions as a participial modifier on the subject. In 'Running daily, she improved her fitness,' which word functions the same as BARKING?
Answer: Running
BARKING is a present participle that opens a participial phrase modifying the subject 'dog.' Similarly, 'Running' is a present participle that opens a participial phrase modifying the subject 'she.'
In 'He handed MARY the envelope,' MARY is the indirect object. In 'The coach gave the team a pep talk,' which word functions the same as MARY?
Answer: team
MARY is the indirect object — the recipient of the action. In the target sentence, 'team' is the indirect object: the entity receiving the pep talk.
In 'She found the lecture BORING,' BORING functions as an object complement describing the direct object. In 'They painted the walls white,' which word functions the same as BORING?
Answer: white
BORING is an object complement — it describes the state of the direct object 'the lecture' after the verb 'found.' Likewise, 'white' describes the state of the direct object 'walls' after 'painted.'
In 'The memo ON THE DESK needs a signature,' ON THE DESK modifies a noun as an adjectival phrase. In 'The student with the red backpack raised her hand,' which word begins the phrase functioning the same as ON THE DESK?
Answer: with
ON THE DESK is a prepositional phrase acting as an adjective to describe which memo. Similarly, 'with the red backpack' is a prepositional phrase describing which student — and it begins with 'with.'
In 'She ALMOST finished the report,' ALMOST modifies a verb as an adverb. In 'He barely managed to catch the train,' which word functions the same as ALMOST?
Answer: barely
ALMOST is an adverb that modifies the verb 'finished,' indicating degree. 'Barely' is also an adverb modifying the verb 'managed,' indicating degree — both serve the same grammatical role.