Welding and Cutting Processes Flashcards
6 cards from real Millwright Certification practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Welding and Cutting Processes flashcards as text
What is the function of flux in SMAW (stick) welding?
Answer: The flux coating generates shielding gas, forms protective slag, stabilizes the arc, and adds alloying elements to the weld
The flux coating on SMAW electrodes serves multiple critical functions: it decomposes to generate shielding gas that protects the weld pool, forms a slag layer that shields the cooling weld from oxidation, stabilizes the arc, and can add alloying elements.
What is the difference between a fillet weld and a groove weld?
Answer: A fillet weld joins surfaces at an angle (typically 90 degrees) with a triangular cross-section; a groove weld fills a prepared gap between the edges of butted or aligned pieces
A fillet weld has a triangular cross-section and joins two surfaces meeting at an angle (T-joints, lap joints, corner joints). A groove weld fills a prepared joint geometry (V, U, J, bevel) between pieces aligned edge-to-edge or at an angle.
What is arc blow, and how can it be minimized during welding?
Answer: Deflection of the welding arc by magnetic fields, causing erratic arc behavior and weld defects, minimized by changing ground clamp position or using AC current
Arc blow is the deflection of the DC welding arc by magnetic fields generated by the welding current flowing through the workpiece. It causes an unstable arc that produces porosity, spatter, and poor bead appearance.
What are the common safety hazards associated with welding operations?
Answer: Arc radiation burns to eyes and skin, toxic fume inhalation, fire from sparks and heat, electric shock, and compressed gas hazards
Welding involves multiple serious hazards: ultraviolet and infrared radiation from the arc, toxic fumes from metals and coatings, fire risk from sparks and hot materials, electric shock from welding circuits, and hazards from compressed gas cylinders.
What is the difference between a tensile test and a bend test for qualifying a welding procedure?
Answer: A tensile test measures the weld's ultimate strength and ductility under pulling force, while a bend test evaluates soundness and ductility by bending the specimen to a specified angle
Tensile testing pulls a specimen apart to measure ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. Bend testing forces a weld specimen around a mandrel to a specified angle, revealing defects like lack of fusion, porosity, and cracks through visual examination.
What precautions must be taken when cutting or welding on containers that previously held flammable substances?
Answer: The container must be thoroughly cleaned, tested for flammable vapors, and either filled with water/inert gas or ventilated with forced air before any hot work
Containers that held flammable liquids or gases may contain explosive vapor-air mixtures. They must be thoroughly purged, cleaned, and tested for flammable vapors before any welding or cutting to prevent a potentially fatal explosion.