Chemical Texture Services Flashcards
6 cards from real Milady Cosmetology practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Chemical Texture Services flashcards as text
The two principal actions in permanent waving are:
Answer: Physical and chemical
Permanent waving involves a physical change, which is the wrapping of the hair on perm rods, and a chemical change, caused by the waving lotion and neutralizer. Both actions are required to restructure the hair's disulfide bonds.
What type of curl is produced by a concave perm rod?
Answer: A tighter curl at the ends and a looser curl near the scalp
Concave rods are smaller in diameter in the center and larger on the ends. This design causes the hair wrapped around the smaller center to form a tighter curl, resulting in a curl that is tighter at the ends and looser near the scalp.
The main active ingredient in an alkaline permanent wave is:
Answer: Ammonium thioglycolate
Ammonium thioglycolate (ATG) is the reducing agent used in alkaline perms, which are also known as cold waves. It works at a higher pH to swell the cuticle and break the disulfide bonds in the hair's cortex.
What is the primary function of the neutralizer in a permanent wave service?
Answer: To rebuild and reharden disulfide bonds
The neutralizer, typically containing hydrogen peroxide, performs two functions: it deactivates any remaining waving lotion and rebuilds the disulfide bonds into their new curled shape. This process locks the curl into place.
Hair with high porosity generally requires which type of chemical service solution?
Answer: A less alkaline solution and shorter processing time
Highly porous hair has a raised cuticle layer that absorbs chemicals quickly and can be easily damaged. It requires a less alkaline solution (lower pH) and a shorter processing time to prevent over-processing and breakage.
Before applying a sodium hydroxide relaxer, a cosmetologist must NOT perform which of the following steps?
Answer: Shampoo the hair
Shampooing the hair before a sodium hydroxide relaxer can irritate the scalp and remove its natural protective oils (sebum). This increases the risk of scalp burns and irritation from the highly alkaline chemical relaxer.