MH Religious Studies and Ethics 2

Question 1

Max Weber's 'The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism' (1905) argues that Calvinist theology contributed to capitalism by promoting:

Accepted Answer

Worldly asceticism and the calling to work diligently

Answer

Church-sponsored commerce and banking

Answer

The rejection of material possessions

Answer

State control of economic activity

Question 2

In virtue ethics, as developed by Aristotle, 'eudaimonia' is best translated as:

Accepted Answer

Flourishing or well-being

Answer

Pleasure

Answer

Duty

Answer

Salvation

Question 3

The concept of 'dharma' in Hinduism most broadly refers to:

Accepted Answer

Cosmic order, duty, and righteous conduct

Answer

Liberation from the cycle of rebirth

Answer

The body of sacred scriptures

Answer

The priestly class in the caste system

Question 4

In John Rawls' 'A Theory of Justice' (1971), the 'veil of ignorance' is a thought experiment that asks individuals to:

Accepted Answer

Design society without knowing their own place in it

Answer

Ignore historical injustices when making laws

Answer

Remove religious values from political decisions

Answer

Prioritize the majority's preferences over minorities

Question 5

The distinction between 'emic' and 'etic' perspectives in religious studies refers to:

Accepted Answer

Insider versus outsider viewpoints on a religious tradition

Answer

Ancient versus modern interpretations of doctrine

Answer

Eastern versus Western religious frameworks

Answer

Sacred versus secular analyses of religion

Question 6

Which ethical framework, associated with Carol Gilligan, emphasizes relationships, care, and context over abstract universal principles?

Accepted Answer

Care ethics

Answer

Deontological ethics

Answer

Natural law theory

Answer

Contractarianism