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Quality Management Flashcards

6 cards from real MEM practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. What are the eight principles of quality management in ISO 9001?

    Answer: Customer focus, leadership, engagement of people, process approach, improvement, evidence-based decision making, relationship management, and systems approach

    ISO 9001's eight quality management principles provide the foundation for an effective QMS, centering on customers, leadership, people, processes, and continual improvement.

  2. What is 'Total Quality Management' (TQM)?

    Answer: An organization-wide approach to continuously improving quality in all processes and products

    TQM is a comprehensive management philosophy that seeks to improve quality across all organizational functions through continual improvement, employee involvement, and customer focus.

  3. In Six Sigma, what does DMAIC stand for?

    Answer: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control

    DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) is the core Six Sigma methodology for improving existing processes by identifying and eliminating root causes of defects.

  4. What does 'sigma level' measure in Six Sigma quality management?

    Answer: The number of defects per million opportunities (DPMO) in a process

    Sigma level quantifies process capability by measuring defects per million opportunities; 6 sigma corresponds to approximately 3.4 DPMO, indicating near-perfect quality.

  5. What is the 'cost of quality' (COQ) framework in engineering management?

    Answer: A framework categorizing all costs associated with preventing, appraising, and failing to meet quality standards

    COQ categorizes quality costs into prevention costs (avoiding defects), appraisal costs (detecting defects), and failure costs (internal/external), helping justify quality investments.

  6. In statistical process control (SPC), what do control charts monitor?

    Answer: Process variation over time to distinguish normal variation from special-cause variation

    Control charts plot process measurements over time with control limits, allowing engineers to detect when a process shifts from its natural (common cause) variation pattern.