Medical Technologist Test Blood Banking 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A patient with blood type A negative can receive red blood cells from which donor types?
- A+ and O+ only
- A– and O– only (Correct answer)
- Any type if crossmatch negative
- AB– and A– only
Correct answer: A– and O– only
In emergency or standard practice, Rh-negative patients should receive Rh-negative RBCs to prevent sensitization; type A– patients can receive A– and O– units.
Question 2: The Coombs test (direct antiglobulin test) detects which of the following?
- Free antibodies in serum
- IgG or complement bound to red blood cells in vivo (Correct answer)
- ABO blood group antigens
- Platelet antibodies
Correct answer: IgG or complement bound to red blood cells in vivo
The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) detects IgG or complement already coating the patient's RBCs in vivo, as in autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Question 3: Which blood product provides fibrinogen and factor VIII for treating hemorrhagic conditions?
- Packed red blood cells
- Platelet concentrate
- Fresh frozen plasma
- Cryoprecipitate (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Cryoprecipitate
Cryoprecipitate is enriched in fibrinogen, factor VIII, vWF, factor XIII, and fibronectin, making it ideal for fibrinogen replacement.
Question 4: Universal donor red blood cells are of which blood type?
- Type A positive
- Type O negative (Correct answer)
- Type AB positive
- Type O positive
Correct answer: Type O negative
Type O negative RBCs lack A, B, and Rh antigens, making them safe to transfuse to any recipient in emergencies.
Question 5: What is the storage temperature for packed red blood cells?
- –80°C
- –18°C or colder
- 1–6°C (Correct answer)
- 20–24°C
Correct answer: 1–6°C
Packed RBCs must be stored at 1–6°C in the blood bank refrigerator and have a shelf life of up to 42 days with additive solutions.
Question 6: Which antibody is naturally occurring, IgM class, and causes immediate hemolysis in ABO-incompatible transfusions?
- Anti-D
- Anti-K (Kell)
- Anti-A and anti-B isohemagglutinins (Correct answer)
- Anti-Jka
Correct answer: Anti-A and anti-B isohemagglutinins
ABO isohemagglutinins are IgM antibodies that fix complement and cause acute intravascular hemolysis in ABO-mismatched transfusions.
Medical Technologist Test Blood Banking 1
A patient with blood type A negative can receive red blood cells from which donor types?