FREE Medical Laboratory Technician Hematology and Coagulation Questions and Answers Flashcards
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A patient's CBC reveals an MCV of 110 fL and oval macrocytes on the peripheral smear. Which nutrient deficiency is most likely responsible?
Answer: Vitamin B12 or folate
Oval macrocytes with elevated MCV are characteristic of megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency.
Which coagulation factor is measured exclusively by the prothrombin time (PT) and not the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)?
Answer: Factor VII
Factor VII is unique to the extrinsic pathway and is evaluated only by the PT.
A D-dimer test is most useful in ruling out which condition?
Answer: Deep vein thrombosis
A negative D-dimer has high sensitivity for excluding deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
What is the expected finding on a peripheral blood smear in a patient with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
Answer: Schistocytes
Schistocytes (fragmented red blood cells) result from mechanical shearing of RBCs through fibrin strands in DIC.
Which anticoagulant is preferred for routine coagulation testing such as PT and aPTT?
Answer: 3.2% sodium citrate
Sodium citrate at 3.2% concentration is the standard anticoagulant for coagulation studies because it reversibly binds calcium.
A prolonged bleeding time with a normal platelet count and normal PT/aPTT most likely suggests which condition?
Answer: von Willebrand disease
Von Willebrand disease causes prolonged bleeding time due to defective platelet adhesion despite normal platelet counts.