Immunology and Serology Flashcards
7 cards from real Medical Laboratory Technician Exam practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Immunology and Serology flashcards as text
Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of monoclonal antibodies used in immunoassays?
Answer: They are derived from a single B cell clone and bind one epitope
Monoclonal antibodies are produced by hybridomas derived from a single B cell clone and bind a single specific epitope with high specificity.
In a sandwich ELISA, the capture antibody and detection antibody must:
Answer: Recognize different epitopes on the same antigen
Sandwich ELISA requires two antibodies recognizing non-overlapping epitopes so antigen is 'sandwiched' between capture and labeled detection antibody.
A newborn with recurrent bacterial infections, absent tonsils, very low B cells, and very low immunoglobulins most likely has:
Answer: X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton's)
X-linked agammaglobulinemia is caused by BTK gene mutation, resulting in failure of B cell maturation and absent immunoglobulins in males.
Cold agglutinins associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection react with which RBC antigen?
Answer: I antigen
Cold agglutinins from M. pneumoniae infection are IgM autoantibodies directed against the I antigen on adult red blood cells.
In nephelometry, the measured signal is:
Answer: Light scattered at an angle from the incident beam
Nephelometry measures light scattered by antigen-antibody complexes at a fixed angle, with scatter intensity proportional to complex concentration.
Which serologic marker appears first after hepatitis B infection and is used to diagnose acute HBV?
Answer: HBsAg
HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen) is the first serologic marker to appear after HBV infection, detectable before symptoms develop.
Rheumatoid factor (RF) is an autoantibody directed against which target?
Answer: Fc region of IgG
Rheumatoid factor is an autoantibody (usually IgM) directed against the Fc region of IgG molecules.