Medical Laboratory Technician Exam FREE Medical Laboratory Technician Immunology and Serology Questions and Answers 3

Question 1

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is responsible for hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN)?

Accepted Answer

Type II (cytotoxic)

Answer

Type I (immediate)

Answer

Type III (immune complex)

Answer

Type IV (delayed)

Question 2

What is the purpose of adding anti-human globulin (AHG) reagent in the indirect antiglobulin test (IAT)?

Accepted Answer

To detect IgG antibodies that have bound to red blood cells during in vitro incubation

Answer

To lyse sensitized red blood cells directly

Answer

To neutralize complement in the test system

Answer

To enhance IgM antibody binding at room temperature

Question 3

A laboratory performs a fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test. This test is classified as which type of syphilis test?

Accepted Answer

Treponemal confirmatory test

Answer

Non-treponemal screening test

Answer

Molecular amplification test

Answer

Antigen detection assay

Question 4

In flow cytometry, what is the function of the forward scatter (FSC) detector?

Accepted Answer

To measure relative cell size

Answer

To measure internal granularity and complexity

Answer

To detect fluorescent-labeled antibodies

Answer

To count the total number of events

Question 5

Which autoantibody is most specific for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Accepted Answer

Anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA)

Answer

Antinuclear antibody (ANA)

Answer

Rheumatoid factor (RF)

Answer

Anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASMA)

Question 6

What principle does an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) use to detect the presence of an analyte in a sample?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme-conjugated antibodies produce a measurable color change upon substrate addition

Answer

Radiolabeled antigens compete for binding sites on a solid phase

Answer

Latex particles agglutinate in the presence of specific antibodies

Answer

Complement fixation causes red blood cell lysis