Medical Laboratory Technician Blood Banking and Transfusion Questions and Answers

Question 1

A patient with a known IgA deficiency requires a transfusion of packed red blood cells.
To prevent a potential anaphylactic transfusion reaction, which modification should be performed on the blood product?

Accepted Answer

Washing

Answer

Irradiation

Answer

Leukoreduction

Answer

Volume reduction

Question 2

A blood sample from a 28-year-old, Rh-negative female who is 28 weeks pregnant shows a positive antibody screen. An antibody panel is performed, and the technologist identifies anti-D. What is the most likely reason for this finding?

Accepted Answer

The patient received a routine antenatal dose of Rh Immune Globulin (RhIG).

Answer

The patient has formed an autoantibody.

Answer

The patient is experiencing a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction.

Answer

The patient has a previously unidentified subgroup of Rh.

Question 3

During the crossmatch process, an MLT receives the following ABO typing results for a patient: Anti-A: 4+, Anti-B: 0, A1 Cells: 0, B Cells: 2+. What is the most likely cause of this ABO discrepancy?

Accepted Answer

The patient is likely an A2 subgroup with anti-A1.

Answer

The patient may have a cold alloantibody.

Answer

There is an issue with the patient's red cells, such as acquired B antigen.

Answer

The patient is immunocompromised, leading to weak or missing antibodies.

Question 4

An immunocompromised patient is scheduled to receive a unit of packed red blood cells from a blood relative. To prevent transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD), which of the following is the most critical modification for this blood product?

Accepted Answer

Gamma irradiation

Answer

Leukoreduction

Answer

Washing

Answer

Freezing and deglycerolizing

Question 5

A patient experiences a fever and chills 30 minutes after the start of a red blood cell transfusion. The transfusion is stopped immediately. A post-transfusion reaction workup reveals a negative DAT and no visual evidence of hemolysis in the post-transfusion specimen. This clinical picture is most consistent with which type of transfusion reaction?

Accepted Answer

Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR)

Answer

Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR)

Answer

Allergic transfusion reaction

Answer

Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)

Question 6

An antibody panel has been performed on a patient with a positive antibody screen. To confirm the identity of a suspected antibody, such as anti-Jka, and to ensure other clinically significant antibodies are not being missed, the technologist must follow the 'rule of three.' What does this rule require?

Accepted Answer

The patient's serum must be reactive with at least three antigen-positive cells and non-reactive with at least three antigen-negative cells.

Answer

The patient's serum must be reactive with at least three different crossmatch-compatible units.

Answer

The antibody must be identified by three different technologists before reporting.

Answer

The patient's serum must be non-reactive with at least three antigen-positive cells and reactive with three antigen-negative cells.

A patient with a known IgA deficiency requires a transfusion of packed red blood cells.To prevent a potential anaphylactic transfusion reaction, which modification should be performed on the blood product?

A patient with a known IgA deficiency requires a transfusion of packed red blood cells.
To prevent a potential anaphylactic transfusion reaction, which modification should be performed on the blood product?