Mechanical Aptitude Mechanical Aptitude Hydraulics and Pneumatics 3

Question 1

What is the function of an accumulator in a hydraulic system?

Accepted Answer

Store energy and dampen pressure spikes

Answer

An accumulator stores pressurized hydraulic fluid to supplement pump flow, dampen shocks, and maintain pressure during pump failure.

Question 2

If a hydraulic pump delivers 5 GPM at 1,000 PSI, what is the hydraulic horsepower?

Accepted Answer

2.9 HP

Answer

Hydraulic horsepower = (GPM × PSI) ÷ 1,714, so (5 × 1,000) ÷ 1,714 ≈ 2.9 HP.

Question 3

What causes cavitation in a hydraulic pump?

Accepted Answer

Insufficient fluid supply at the inlet

Answer

Cavitation occurs when the pump cannot draw enough fluid, causing vapor bubbles to form and collapse, damaging pump components.

Question 4

In a pneumatic circuit, what device converts compressed air energy into linear mechanical motion?

Accepted Answer

Pneumatic cylinder

Answer

A pneumatic cylinder (also called an air cylinder) converts compressed air pressure into straight-line (linear) mechanical force and motion.

Question 5

Which type of hydraulic pump is most commonly used in high-pressure industrial applications?

Accepted Answer

Piston pump

Answer

Piston pumps can operate at the highest pressures (up to 10,000 PSI) and are most efficient for demanding industrial applications.

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