Fluid Dynamics Principles Questions and Answers Flashcards
6 cards from real MECHANICAL APTITUDE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Fluid Dynamics Principles Questions and Answers flashcards as text
What happens to the boiling point of water as altitude increases?
Answer: It decreases
At higher altitudes, atmospheric pressure is lower, which reduces the boiling point of water. At sea level water boils at 100°C (212°F), but at high elevations it boils at a lower temperature because less pressure is needed to allow molecules to escape as vapor.
Pascal's law states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted:
Answer: Equally in all directions
Pascal's law states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished and equally in all directions throughout the fluid. This principle is the foundation of hydraulic systems.
What is the primary factor that causes water to rise in a narrow tube through capillary action?
Answer: Surface tension
Capillary action is primarily caused by surface tension (cohesion between water molecules) combined with adhesion between the water and tube walls. The adhesive forces pull water up the tube walls, and surface tension keeps the water column connected.
What does a manometer measure?
Answer: Pressure difference
A manometer measures the pressure difference between two points, often between a system and the atmosphere. It typically uses a column of liquid (like mercury or water) whose height difference indicates the pressure differential.
Which of the following best describes the concept of fluid head?
Answer: The energy of a fluid expressed as height
Fluid head represents the energy contained in a fluid expressed as an equivalent height of a fluid column. It combines pressure head, velocity head, and elevation head, and is used in pump and pipe system calculations.
What causes cavitation in a pump?
Answer: Fluid pressure dropping below its vapor pressure
Cavitation occurs when local fluid pressure drops below the fluid's vapor pressure, causing small vapor bubbles to form. When these bubbles move to higher-pressure regions, they collapse violently, causing damage to pump impellers and other surfaces.