MD MD - Doctor of Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology Questions and Answers 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the most common cause of first-trimester spontaneous abortion?
- Cervical incompetence
- Chromosomal abnormalities (Correct answer)
- Uterine anomalies
- Antiphospholipid syndrome
Correct answer: Chromosomal abnormalities
Chromosomal abnormalities, most commonly trisomies due to meiotic non-disjunction, account for approximately 50-60% of first-trimester spontaneous abortions.
Question 2: Preeclampsia is defined as new-onset hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg) after 20 weeks gestation with:
- Proteinuria or end-organ damage (Correct answer)
- Facial edema and headache
- Fetal growth restriction only
- Elevated serum hCG
Correct answer: Proteinuria or end-organ damage
Preeclampsia is defined as new-onset hypertension of ≥140/90 mmHg after 20 weeks with either significant proteinuria (≥300 mg/24h) or end-organ dysfunction.
Question 3: Eclampsia differs from preeclampsia by the additional presence of:
- Severe proteinuria (>5g/24h)
- New-onset grand mal seizures (Correct answer)
- HELLP syndrome
- Placental abruption
Correct answer: New-onset grand mal seizures
Eclampsia is the occurrence of new-onset grand mal (generalized tonic-clonic) seizures in a woman with preeclampsia that cannot be attributed to other causes.
Question 4: Standard intrapartum prophylaxis against Group B Streptococcus (GBS) neonatal disease uses:
- IV ampicillin (Correct answer)
- IV azithromycin
- Oral clindamycin
- IV vancomycin
Correct answer: IV ampicillin
Intravenous penicillin G or ampicillin is the standard intrapartum prophylaxis for GBS-colonized mothers to prevent neonatal early-onset GBS disease.
Question 5: Which Pap smear result in a woman over 25 requires immediate colposcopy?
- ASCUS with negative HPV co-test
- LSIL with negative HPV
- HSIL (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion) (Correct answer)
- Negative for intraepithelial lesion
Correct answer: HSIL (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion)
HSIL on Pap smear requires immediate colposcopy with directed biopsy due to high risk of underlying CIN 2/3 or invasive cervical carcinoma.
Question 6: Ectopic pregnancy most commonly implants in which location?
- Ovary
- Cervix
- Fallopian tube ampulla (Correct answer)
- Abdominal cavity
Correct answer: Fallopian tube ampulla
Approximately 95% of ectopic pregnancies occur in the fallopian tube, with the ampullary segment (70%) being the most common implantation site.
MD MD - Doctor of Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology Questions and Answers 1
What is the most common cause of first-trimester spontaneous abortion?