Exercise Science Flashcards
7 cards from real MCTS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Exercise Science flashcards as text
What is the typical respiratory exchange ratio (RER) when fat is the predominant fuel?
Answer: About 0.70
Fat oxidation produces an RER near 0.70, while carbohydrate produces about 1.00.
Which term describes the smallest functional unit of muscle contraction?
Answer: Sarcomere
The sarcomere, between two Z-lines, is the basic contractile unit.
Which ion released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum initiates muscle contraction by binding to troponin?
Answer: Calcium
Calcium binds troponin, shifting tropomyosin to expose actin binding sites.
According to Henneman's size principle, which motor units are recruited first?
Answer: Smallest, low-threshold units
Motor units are recruited from smallest to largest as force demand increases.
A periodization model that varies intensity and volume within the same week is called what?
Answer: Undulating periodization
Undulating (nonlinear) periodization changes training variables frequently, often daily or weekly.
Which measure is the gold-standard indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness?
Answer: VO2 max
VO2 max reflects the maximal rate of oxygen uptake and use during exercise.
Performing an exercise against resistance through the full range of motion at a constant velocity describes which type of contraction?
Answer: Isokinetic
Isokinetic contractions occur at a constant speed, usually using specialized equipment.