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Cardiovascular Disease Management Flashcards

7 cards from real MCCQE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Cardiovascular Disease Management flashcards as text

  1. A 65-year-old man with STEMI undergoes primary PCI. Which antiplatelet regimen is recommended post-procedure?

    Answer: Aspirin plus ticagrelor for 12 months

    Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and ticagrelor (or prasugrel) for 12 months is recommended after PCI for ACS due to superior outcomes over clopidogrel.

  2. A patient with HFrEF (EF 30%) remains symptomatic on maximally tolerated ACE inhibitor and beta-blocker. What is the next best step?

    Answer: Add sacubitril/valsartan replacing ACE inhibitor

    Sacubitril/valsartan (ARNI) replaces ACE inhibitor in symptomatic HFrEF patients and reduces mortality and hospitalizations (PARADIGM-HF trial).

  3. Which ECG finding is most specific for right ventricular strain in acute pulmonary embolism?

    Answer: S1Q3T3 pattern

    The S1Q3T3 pattern (S wave in lead I, Q wave and T-wave inversion in lead III) is the classic though not highly sensitive ECG finding for acute RV strain in PE.

  4. A 58-year-old woman with hypertension has a blood pressure of 170/100 mmHg. She has bilateral renal artery stenosis. Which antihypertensive is contraindicated?

    Answer: ACE inhibitor

    ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in bilateral renal artery stenosis because they reduce efferent arteriolar tone, precipitating acute renal failure.

  5. A patient presents with wide-complex tachycardia at 180 bpm. He is hemodynamically stable. Which drug is appropriate for acute management if VT is suspected?

    Answer: Amiodarone IV

    IV amiodarone is first-line for hemodynamically stable monomorphic VT when the diagnosis is confirmed or strongly suspected.

  6. In a patient with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and CHA₂DS₂-VASc score of 3, what is the most appropriate anticoagulation strategy?

    Answer: A direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC)

    DOACs (e.g., rivaroxaban, apixaban) are preferred over warfarin for non-valvular AF with CHA₂DS₂-VASc ≥2 due to better efficacy and safety profile.

  7. A 70-year-old man has aortic stenosis with valve area 0.8 cm², mean gradient 55 mmHg, and EF 60%. He is asymptomatic. What is the recommended management?

    Answer: Watchful waiting with annual echocardiography

    Asymptomatic severe AS with preserved EF is managed with watchful waiting and serial echocardiography every 6–12 months; surgery is triggered by symptoms or EF decline.