Church History & Tradition Flashcards
7 cards from real MCC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Church History & Tradition flashcards as text
Which council in 325 AD condemned Arianism and defined Jesus Christ as consubstantial (homoousios) with the Father?
Answer: Council of Nicaea
The Council of Nicaea (325 AD) produced the Nicene Creed, affirming Christ is 'of the same substance' as the Father, directly refuting Arian claims that the Son was a created being.
The Edict of Milan (313 AD) issued by Constantine and Licinius primarily accomplished which of the following?
Answer: Granted religious tolerance throughout the Roman Empire
The Edict of Milan granted religious tolerance to all religions in the empire, ending persecution of Christians, but Christianity did not become the official state religion until 380 AD under Theodosius I.
Which schism in 1054 AD permanently divided Christianity into Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox branches?
Answer: The Great East-West Schism
The Great East-West Schism of 1054 AD resulted from longstanding theological, political, and cultural differences, particularly over papal authority and the Filioque clause, splitting the Church into Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox.
St. Augustine of Hippo's work 'The City of God' was written primarily in response to which historical event?
Answer: The sack of Rome by the Visigoths in 410 AD
Augustine wrote 'The City of God' to counter pagan claims that Rome fell because it abandoned its gods for Christianity, instead articulating the distinction between the earthly city and the heavenly City of God.
Which apostolic father wrote 'The Didache,' one of the earliest known Christian catechetical documents?
Answer: It is anonymous and written by an unknown author or authors
The Didache (Teaching of the Twelve Apostles) is an anonymous text from the late first or early second century, providing early instructions on baptism, the Eucharist, fasting, and community life.
The heresy of Pelagianism, condemned by several councils in the early 5th century, primarily denied which Catholic doctrine?
Answer: The necessity of divine grace for salvation
Pelagius taught that humans could achieve salvation through their own free will and moral effort without the necessity of divine grace, a position condemned as heretical because Catholic teaching holds grace as essential for salvation.
Which pope convened the First Vatican Council (Vatican I) in 1869–1870, which defined papal infallibility?
Answer: Pope Pius IX
Pope Pius IX convened Vatican I, which defined papal infallibility — that the Pope speaks infallibly when defining doctrines of faith and morals ex cathedra — in the dogmatic constitution Pastor Aeternus.