Anatomy Flashcards

The saphenous nerve, the largest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve, accompanies which vessel in the leg?

Answer: Great saphenous vein

The saphenous nerve runs with the great saphenous vein along the medial aspect of the leg, providing cutaneous innervation to the medial leg and foot.

The parotid duct (Stensen's duct) pierces which muscle to enter the oral cavity?

Answer: Buccinator

The parotid duct travels anteriorly, turns medially to pierce the buccinator muscle, and opens opposite the upper second molar.

Which branch of the brachial plexus innervates the coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, and brachialis?

Answer: Musculocutaneous nerve

The musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7) innervates all three muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm before continuing as the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm.

The lymphatic drainage of the testes follows which vessels to drain into which lymph nodes?

Answer: Testicular (gonadal) vessels to para-aortic nodes

The testes drain to para-aortic (lumbar) lymph nodes because the testes developed retroperitoneally near the kidneys before descending.

The fovea centralis of the retina is specialized for high-acuity color vision and is densely packed with which photoreceptors?

Answer: Cones only

The fovea centralis contains only cones (no rods, no blood vessels) to maximize visual acuity and color discrimination in bright light.

Which fontanelle is the last to close and is located at the junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures?

Answer: Anterior (frontal) fontanelle

The anterior fontanelle, located at the bregma (junction of sagittal and coronal sutures), is the largest and last to close, typically around 18-24 months.

The Achilles tendon is the combined tendon of which two muscles?

Answer: Gastrocnemius and soleus

The calcaneal (Achilles) tendon is formed by the union of the gastrocnemius and soleus tendons, both of which plantarflex the foot.