MCAS MCAS Science and Technology/Engineering 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
- Nucleus
- Ribosome
- Mitochondria (Correct answer)
- Vacuole
Correct answer: Mitochondria
Mitochondria produce ATP through cellular respiration, earning the title 'powerhouse of the cell.'
Question 2: What is the chemical symbol for water?
- HO
- Hâ‚‚O (Correct answer)
- COâ‚‚
- NaCl
Correct answer: Hâ‚‚O
Water's chemical formula is Hâ‚‚O, meaning two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom.
Question 3: In the engineering design process, what happens after a prototype is built?
- Define the problem
- Research and brainstorm
- Test and evaluate (Correct answer)
- Build another prototype immediately
Correct answer: Test and evaluate
After building a prototype, the next step is to test and evaluate it to determine if it meets the design criteria.
Question 4: What type of energy is stored in food and released during digestion?
- Kinetic energy
- Chemical energy (Correct answer)
- Thermal energy
- Nuclear energy
Correct answer: Chemical energy
Food stores chemical energy in molecular bonds, which is released and converted to usable energy during digestion and metabolism.
Question 5: Which planet is closest to the Sun?
- Venus
- Earth
- Mars
- Mercury (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Mercury
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun in our solar system, orbiting at an average distance of about 57.9 million km.
Question 6: What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?
- Physical changes alter the substance's identity; chemical changes do not
- Chemical changes alter the substance's identity; physical changes do not (Correct answer)
- They are the same thing
- Only chemical changes are reversible
Correct answer: Chemical changes alter the substance's identity; physical changes do not
A chemical change creates a new substance with different properties, while a physical change only alters the form or appearance without changing the substance's identity.
MCAS MCAS Science and Technology/Engineering 2
Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?