Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
6 cards from real Massage and Bodywork Licensing Examination practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Anatomy and Physiology flashcards as text
A client reports feeling stressed and having an elevated heart rate. During the massage, the therapist focuses on techniques that promote relaxation. Which division of the nervous system is primarily being targeted to achieve this effect?
Answer: Parasympathetic nervous system
The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the 'rest and digest' response, which counteracts the 'fight or flight' response of the sympathetic nervous system. Massage techniques aimed at relaxation stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system, leading to a decrease in heart rate, deeper breathing, and a general sense of calm.
Which of the following correctly traces the path of deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs?
Answer: Superior/Inferior Vena Cava -> Right Atrium -> Right Ventricle -> Pulmonary Artery
Deoxygenated blood from the body enters the right atrium via the superior and inferior vena cava. It then passes through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle. From the right ventricle, it is pumped through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery, which carries it to the lungs for oxygenation.
During a client's assessment, a massage therapist notes that the client has difficulty abducting their arm beyond the first 15 degrees. Which muscle is primarily responsible for initiating this action?
Answer: Supraspinatus
The supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles, is responsible for the first 15-20 degrees of abduction at the shoulder joint. After this initial movement, the deltoid muscle becomes the primary mover for continued abduction.
A massage therapist is working on a client and applies light, gliding strokes over the skin. This stimulation of sensory receptors in the epidermis and dermis primarily provides input to which body system to induce relaxation?
Answer: Nervous system
The skin is rich with sensory receptors that detect touch, pressure, and temperature. When stimulated by massage, these receptors send signals through the peripheral nerves to the central nervous system. This process can trigger the relaxation response, reduce stress, and create a sense of well-being.
A client is performing a bicep curl, bringing a weight from their thigh up towards their shoulder. What type of muscle contraction is the biceps brachii performing?
Answer: Concentric
A concentric contraction occurs when a muscle shortens while generating force. During a bicep curl, the biceps brachii shortens as it flexes the elbow to lift the weight.
Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels, nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands?
Answer: Dermis
The dermis is the middle layer of the skin, located beneath the epidermis. It is a complex layer containing connective tissue, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and sweat (sudoriferous) and oil (sebaceous) glands.