Geography Flashcards
7 cards from real MATRIC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Geography flashcards as text
What is the process called where heated air near the Earth's surface rises, cools, and sinks again, driving weather patterns?
Answer: Convection
Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of a fluid (air), where warm air rises and cooler air sinks, creating convection currents that drive weather.
Which type of weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces WITHOUT changing their chemical composition?
Answer: Mechanical (physical) weathering
Mechanical (physical) weathering, such as freeze-thaw action and exfoliation, disintegrates rocks without altering the minerals they are made of.
What is the term for the flat, low-lying land on either side of a river that is periodically flooded and covered with deposited sediment?
Answer: Flood plain
A flood plain is formed by the deposition of fine sediment during river flooding, creating fertile, flat land alongside the river channel.
Which cloud type is characterised by its towering, anvil-shaped structure and is associated with thunderstorms and heavy rainfall?
Answer: Cumulonimbus
Cumulonimbus clouds extend to great heights in the troposphere and produce thunder, lightning, heavy rain, and sometimes hail.
What is the term for the process of wearing away and transporting surface material by agents such as water, wind, and ice?
Answer: Erosion
Erosion involves both the detachment and removal of rock and soil particles from the Earth's surface by water, wind, glaciers, or waves.
Which type of rock is formed when magma cools and solidifies, either below or on the Earth's surface?
Answer: Igneous
Igneous rocks form from the cooling and crystallisation of molten magma; intrusive types (e.g. granite) cool slowly underground, while extrusive types (e.g. basalt) cool quickly on the surface.
What term describes permanently frozen subsoil found in Arctic and sub-Arctic regions that remains frozen throughout the year?
Answer: Permafrost
Permafrost is a subsurface layer of soil or rock that remains at or below 0°C for at least two consecutive years, found in regions like Siberia and northern Canada.