Maternal Newborn Nursing Test Neonatal Complications and High-Risk Newborn 2

Question 1

A newborn is diagnosed with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Which therapeutic intervention has been shown to improve neurological outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Therapeutic hypothermia (cooling therapy)

Answer

Systemic corticosteroid administration

Answer

High-frequency ventilation

Answer

Early gavage feeding

Question 2

A preterm neonate has a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Which sign would the nurse observe during assessment?

Accepted Answer

Continuous machinery-like murmur at the left upper sternal border

Answer

Quiet precordium with no murmur

Answer

Diastolic murmur at the right sternal border

Answer

Friction rub heard over the apex

Question 3

A nurse is caring for a neonate with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Which behavior change would the nurse most likely observe?

Accepted Answer

Bulging anterior fontanel, apnea, and seizures

Answer

Excessive activity and crying

Answer

Hyperglycemia and polyuria

Answer

Decreased oxygen requirements

Question 4

A 26-week preterm infant in the NICU has retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). What is the primary cause of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Immature retinal blood vessel development disrupted by supplemental oxygen

Answer

Insufficient oxygen delivery to the retina

Answer

Congenital infection of the optic nerve

Answer

Genetic deficiency of retinal pigmentation

Question 5

A newborn is diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism on newborn screen. Without treatment, which outcome is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Intellectual disability and growth retardation

Answer

Precocious puberty

Answer

Neonatal seizure disorder

Answer

Congenital heart disease progression

Question 6

Which intervention is the most important in preventing infection in the NICU for high-risk neonates?

Accepted Answer

Strict hand hygiene by all personnel and family members

Answer

Administering prophylactic broad-spectrum antibiotics to all preterm infants

Answer

Keeping all infants in strict isolation rooms

Answer

Using sterile gloves for all routine assessments