Drug Classifications and Actions Flashcards
6 cards from real MACE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Drug Classifications and Actions flashcards as text
A resident is prescribed furosemide (Lasix). Based on this medication's classification as a loop diuretic, which of the following effects should the Medication Aide anticipate?
Answer: Increased urine output
Furosemide is a loop diuretic, which acts on the kidneys to increase the excretion of sodium and water, resulting in increased urine output. This effect helps manage conditions like edema and high blood pressure.
A resident taking an opioid analgesic for chronic pain complains of constipation. This is a known common side effect of which drug classification?
Answer: Opioid analgesics
Opioid analgesics frequently cause side effects such as sedation, nausea, and constipation. Constipation occurs because opioids slow down motility in the gastrointestinal tract.
A Medication Aide is preparing to administer lisinopril, a medication with the suffix '-pril'. This suffix is characteristic of which drug class?
Answer: ACE inhibitors
Medications ending in '-pril', such as lisinopril and enalapril, are classified as Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. These drugs are commonly used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure.
A resident with a history of atrial fibrillation is prescribed an anticoagulant. What is the primary therapeutic action of this class of medication?
Answer: To prevent the formation of blood clots
Anticoagulants, often called blood thinners, work by interfering with the body's clotting process to prevent the formation of new blood clots or the extension of existing ones. They are crucial for preventing strokes in conditions like atrial fibrillation.
Which of the following medication classes works by reducing stomach acid production and is commonly used to treat conditions like GERD and peptic ulcers?
Answer: Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) act by blocking the enzyme system responsible for producing stomach acid. This makes them effective in treating acid-related disorders like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
A resident uses two inhalers for their asthma: albuterol for acute attacks and an inhaled corticosteroid daily. What is the primary action of the corticosteroid inhaler?
Answer: To reduce airway inflammation over time
Inhaled corticosteroids are controller medications used for the long-term management of asthma. Their primary action is to reduce and prevent inflammation in the airways, which helps to control symptoms and prevent flare-ups. They do not provide immediate relief like a rescue inhaler (bronchodilator).