Drug Classifications and Actions Flashcards

Which drug classification blocks alpha-1 adrenergic receptors to relax smooth muscle in the prostate and bladder neck?

Answer: Alpha-1 blockers

Alpha-1 blockers like tamsulosin relax smooth muscle in the prostate and bladder neck, improving urine flow in BPH.

What distinguishes opioid analgesics from non-opioid analgesics in their mechanism of action?

Answer: Opioids bind to opioid receptors in the CNS while non-opioids inhibit prostaglandin synthesis

Opioids bind to mu, kappa, and delta receptors in the CNS to reduce pain perception, unlike NSAIDs which inhibit COX enzymes.

A resident taking an SSRI is most likely being treated for which condition?

Answer: Depression or anxiety

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) increase serotonin availability in synapses and are first-line treatment for depression and anxiety.

Which classification of medication reduces urine output by helping the kidneys retain water?

Answer: Antidiuretic hormone analogs

Antidiuretic hormone analogs (e.g., desmopressin) mimic ADH to increase water reabsorption in the renal tubules.

Which drug class is used to treat osteoporosis by inhibiting bone resorption?

Answer: Bisphosphonates

Bisphosphonates like alendronate inhibit osteoclast activity, reducing bone resorption and decreasing fracture risk.

A medication aide is administering a mucolytic agent. What is its therapeutic purpose?

Answer: Thin and loosen mucus secretions

Mucolytics such as guaifenesin break down mucus, making secretions less viscous and easier to expectorate.

Which drug classification works by blocking dopamine D2 receptors to reduce psychotic symptoms?

Answer: Antipsychotics

Antipsychotics (neuroleptics) block D2 dopamine receptors, reducing hallucinations, delusions, and other psychotic symptoms.