MAAP Biology 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: In Mendel's experiments, which trait is described as 'dominant'?
- A trait that appears only in the F2 generation
- A trait that disappears in the F1 generation
- A trait that is expressed when at least one dominant allele is present (Correct answer)
- A trait that is only expressed in homozygous organisms
Correct answer: A trait that is expressed when at least one dominant allele is present
A dominant trait is expressed in the phenotype whenever at least one dominant allele is present.
Question 2: What term describes an organism with two identical alleles for a trait (e.g., TT or tt)?
- Heterozygous
- Homozygous (Correct answer)
- Codominant
- Polygenic
Correct answer: Homozygous
Homozygous means both alleles for a gene are the same, either both dominant (TT) or both recessive (tt).
Question 3: Which type of cell division produces gametes (sperm and egg cells)?
- Mitosis
- Binary fission
- Meiosis (Correct answer)
- Budding
Correct answer: Meiosis
Meiosis produces four haploid daughter cells (gametes) with half the chromosome number for sexual reproduction.
Question 4: What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?
- Store DNA
- Produce ATP
- Synthesize proteins (Correct answer)
- Digest waste materials
Correct answer: Synthesize proteins
Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins, carrying out the final step of gene expression.
Question 5: Which of the following is an example of a producer in an ecosystem?
- Rabbit
- Hawk
- Grass (Correct answer)
- Fox
Correct answer: Grass
Producers, such as grass, make their own food via photosynthesis and form the base of the food chain.
Question 6: Natural selection acts on an organism's:
- Genotype only
- Phenotype (Correct answer)
- Allele frequency alone
- DNA sequence directly
Correct answer: Phenotype
Natural selection acts on observable traits (phenotype), which then indirectly affects the frequency of underlying alleles.
MAAP Biology 2
In Mendel's experiments, which trait is described as 'dominant'?