M.Ed Professional School Counselor 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A student tells a school counselor they have a plan to harm another student. According to duty-to-warn principles, the counselor should:
- Keep the disclosure confidential to preserve trust
- Warn the potential victim and notify appropriate authorities (Correct answer)
- Refer the student to an outside therapist
- Inform only the school principal
Correct answer: Warn the potential victim and notify appropriate authorities
Duty to warn (based on Tarasoff v. Regents) requires counselors to protect identifiable third parties when there is a credible, specific threat.
Question 2: Which career development theory proposes that occupational choice is an expression of one's personality type?
- Super's Life-Span Theory
- Holland's Theory of Vocational Personalities (Correct answer)
- Krumboltz's Social Learning Theory
- Gottfredson's Theory of Circumscription
Correct answer: Holland's Theory of Vocational Personalities
Holland's RIASEC model categorizes personality into six types (Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional) linked to career environments.
Question 3: A counselor wants to measure whether a school-wide anti-bullying program changed student behavior. Which data source is MOST appropriate?
- Student self-report surveys only
- Disciplinary referral records before and after the program (Correct answer)
- Teacher opinion polls
- Counselor session notes
Correct answer: Disciplinary referral records before and after the program
Pre/post disciplinary referral records provide objective behavioral outcome data to evaluate program effectiveness.
Question 4: A school counselor who identifies a systemic barrier preventing first-generation students from accessing AP courses is engaging in:
- Crisis intervention
- Systemic advocacy (Correct answer)
- Individual counseling
- Peer mediation
Correct answer: Systemic advocacy
Systemic advocacy involves identifying and working to remove institutional barriers that limit equitable student access and opportunity.
Question 5: According to Erikson's psychosocial stages, a high school student struggling with 'Who am I?' is most likely navigating which stage?
- Industry vs. Inferiority
- Intimacy vs. Isolation
- Identity vs. Role Confusion (Correct answer)
- Autonomy vs. Shame
Correct answer: Identity vs. Role Confusion
Erikson's fifth stage, Identity vs. Role Confusion, occurs during adolescence and centers on forming a coherent sense of self.
Question 6: Which consultation model involves the counselor working with a teacher to improve outcomes for a student without directly counseling the student?
- Triadic-Dependent Consultation (Correct answer)
- Collaborative Consultation
- Mental Health Consultation
- Behavioral Consultation
Correct answer: Triadic-Dependent Consultation
In the triadic-dependent model, the counselor (consultant) works with the teacher (consultee) to benefit the student (client) indirectly.
Question 7: A school counselor uses the results of a needs assessment to redesign the counseling program. This is an example of which ASCA component?
- Define
- Deliver
- Manage
- Assess (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Assess
The Assess component involves evaluating program effectiveness and using data to inform continuous program improvement.
M.Ed Professional School Counselor 4
A student tells a school counselor they have a plan to harm another student.
According to duty-to-warn principles, the counselor should: