LVN IV Therapy & Fluid Management 3

Question 1

A patient is receiving D5W 1000 mL IV. As the dextrose is metabolized, this solution becomes functionally equivalent to which type of fluid?

Accepted Answer

Free water (hypotonic)

Answer

Once dextrose is metabolized, D5W leaves only free water, making it effectively a hypotonic solution that distributes throughout all body compartments.

Question 2

The physician orders potassium chloride 40 mEq in 100 mL NS to infuse over 1 hour. What is the priority nursing action before administration?

Accepted Answer

Verify the patient has adequate urine output

Answer

Adequate urine output (≥30 mL/hr) confirms renal function, preventing dangerous hyperkalemia from KCl administration.

Question 3

When inserting a peripheral IV catheter, at what angle should the needle initially enter the skin?

Accepted Answer

15–30 degrees

Answer

A 15–30 degree angle is recommended for peripheral IV insertion to enter the vein without passing through the posterior wall.

Question 4

A patient has a central venous catheter (CVC). When changing the IV tubing, the patient should be positioned in which manner to prevent air embolism?

Accepted Answer

Trendelenburg or flat with Valsalva maneuver

Answer

Trendelenburg position or flat with a Valsalva maneuver increases intrathoracic pressure to prevent air from entering the central venous system.

Question 5

Which solution is hypertonic and draws fluid from cells into the vascular space?

Accepted Answer

3% NaCl

Answer

3% NaCl is a hypertonic solution with higher osmolality than plasma, pulling fluid from the intracellular and interstitial spaces into the vasculature.

(LVN) Licensed Vocational Nurses Certification Practice Test

(LVN) Licensed Vocational Nurses Certification Practice Test

LVN IV Therapy & Fluid Management 3