LVN IV Therapy & Fluid Management 2

Question 1

A patient's IV site shows redness, warmth, and a palpable cord along the vein. Which complication is most likely occurring?

Accepted Answer

Phlebitis

Answer

Phlebitis presents with redness, warmth, swelling, and a palpable cord along the vein due to inflammation of the vessel wall.

Question 2

Which IV fluid is considered isotonic and is most commonly used for fluid resuscitation?

Accepted Answer

0.9% NaCl (Normal Saline)

Answer

0.9% NaCl (Normal Saline) is isotonic and remains in the vascular space, making it the standard choice for fluid resuscitation.

Question 3

When calculating IV flow rate using a drop factor of 15 gtt/mL for 1000 mL over 8 hours, what is the correct rate in gtt/min?

Accepted Answer

31 gtt/min

Answer

1000 mL ÷ 8 hr = 125 mL/hr; 125 × 15 ÷ 60 = 31.25, rounded to 31 gtt/min.

Question 4

A patient receiving a blood transfusion develops chills, fever, and back pain within 15 minutes of initiation. What is the priority nursing action?

Accepted Answer

Stop the transfusion immediately

Answer

These signs indicate a hemolytic transfusion reaction; the nurse must stop the transfusion immediately to prevent further harm.

Question 5

Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with skeletal muscle weakness, cardiac arrhythmias, and a serum level below 3.5 mEq/L?

Accepted Answer

Hypokalemia

Answer

Hypokalemia (serum potassium < 3.5 mEq/L) causes muscle weakness, fatigue, and potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmias.

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