IV Therapy & Fluid Management Flashcards
7 cards from real LVN practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 IV Therapy & Fluid Management flashcards as text
A patient is receiving D5W 1000 mL IV. As the dextrose is metabolized, this solution becomes functionally equivalent to which type of fluid?
Answer: Free water (hypotonic)
Once dextrose is metabolized, D5W leaves only free water, making it effectively a hypotonic solution that distributes throughout all body compartments.
The physician orders potassium chloride 40 mEq in 100 mL NS to infuse over 1 hour. What is the priority nursing action before administration?
Answer: Verify the patient has adequate urine output
Adequate urine output (≥30 mL/hr) confirms renal function, preventing dangerous hyperkalemia from KCl administration.
When inserting a peripheral IV catheter, at what angle should the needle initially enter the skin?
Answer: 15–30 degrees
A 15–30 degree angle is recommended for peripheral IV insertion to enter the vein without passing through the posterior wall.
A patient has a central venous catheter (CVC). When changing the IV tubing, the patient should be positioned in which manner to prevent air embolism?
Answer: Trendelenburg or flat with Valsalva maneuver
Trendelenburg position or flat with a Valsalva maneuver increases intrathoracic pressure to prevent air from entering the central venous system.
Which solution is hypertonic and draws fluid from cells into the vascular space?
Answer: 3% NaCl
3% NaCl is a hypertonic solution with higher osmolality than plasma, pulling fluid from the intracellular and interstitial spaces into the vasculature.
A patient receiving IV vancomycin develops flushing, erythema, and hypotension during the infusion. Which syndrome is most likely occurring?
Answer: Red Man Syndrome
Red Man Syndrome is a non-immune infusion reaction to vancomycin characterized by flushing, erythema on the neck and face, and hypotension due to rapid infusion.
Which finding would indicate that a patient's IV site should be discontinued and restarted?
Answer: Swelling and coolness at the insertion site
Swelling and coolness at the IV site indicate infiltration, where fluid is infusing into tissue rather than the vein.