LSP Research Methods & Psychological Theories 2

Question 1

A researcher uses a single group of participants measured before and after an intervention with no control group. This design is called a:

Accepted Answer

Pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design

Answer

A one-group pretest-posttest design lacks a control group, making it pre-experimental and vulnerable to many threats to internal validity.

Question 2

According to Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, the central conflict during adolescence is:

Accepted Answer

Identity vs. role confusion

Answer

Erikson identified identity vs. role confusion as the core crisis of adolescence, during which individuals explore roles and develop a sense of self.

Question 3

In factor analysis, the proportion of a variable's variance explained by the common factors is called:

Accepted Answer

Communality

Answer

Communality refers to the proportion of a variable's total variance that is accounted for by the extracted common factors.

Question 4

Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable feelings to another person?

Accepted Answer

Projection

Answer

Projection is the unconscious attribution of one's own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or impulses onto another person.

Question 5

A study finds r = 0.50 between stress and illness. What percentage of variance in illness is explained by stress?

Accepted Answer

25%

Answer

The coefficient of determination (r²) equals 0.50² = 0.25, meaning stress explains 25% of the variance in illness.

(LSP) Licensed Specialist in Psychology Certification Practice Test