Research Methods & Psychological Theories Flashcards
7 cards from real LSP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Research Methods & Psychological Theories flashcards as text
The concept of 'learned helplessness,' developed by Seligman, suggests that depression results from:
Answer: Repeated exposure to uncontrollable aversive events leading to passivity
Seligman found that exposure to inescapable aversive events teaches organisms that outcomes are independent of their responses, producing helplessness and depressive symptoms.
In multiple regression, multicollinearity is a concern when:
Answer: Predictor variables are highly correlated with each other
Multicollinearity occurs when predictor variables are highly intercorrelated, making it difficult to isolate each predictor's unique contribution to the outcome.
Gestalt psychology's principle of figure-ground refers to the perceptual tendency to:
Answer: Organize visual fields into a focal object against a background
Figure-ground organization is the perceptual separation of a stimulus into a salient figure that stands out against a less distinct background.
An IRB (Institutional Review Board) is primarily responsible for:
Answer: Reviewing research protocols to protect human participants
IRBs evaluate the ethical dimensions of proposed research, ensuring that risks are minimized and participants' rights and welfare are protected.
According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need must generally be satisfied before esteem needs can be fully addressed?
Answer: Love and belonging needs
Maslow's hierarchy places love and belonging (social) needs below esteem needs, suggesting social connection must be met before esteem can be pursued.
The ecological validity of a research study refers to:
Answer: The degree to which findings generalize to real-world settings and behaviors
Ecological validity concerns whether experimental conditions and findings reflect and generalize to real-life situations outside the laboratory.
In Freud's structural model of the psyche, the reality principle governs which psychic structure?
Answer: Ego
The ego operates according to the reality principle, mediating between the id's demands and the constraints of the external world in a rational, adaptive manner.