Inference from Passages Flashcards
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Read the first 7 Inference from Passages flashcards as text
A passage states: 'All mammals are warm-blooded. Whales are mammals.' Which conclusion is most strongly supported?
Answer: Whales are warm-blooded
The two premises logically entail that whales, as mammals, must be warm-blooded.
A passage notes that sales of electric vehicles rose 40% when gas prices increased, and fell 10% when gas prices stabilized. What can most reasonably be inferred?
Answer: Consumer demand for EVs is sensitive to gas price fluctuations
The correlation between gas price changes and EV sales strongly suggests demand sensitivity to fuel costs.
A passage describes a study where participants who slept fewer than six hours scored lower on memory tests than those who slept eight hours. Which inference is best supported?
Answer: Adequate sleep may be important for memory performance
The study supports a link between sleep duration and memory performance without establishing causation or permanence.
A passage states that a city's crime rate fell after a new policing program began, but also notes that unemployment dropped during the same period. What can best be inferred?
Answer: Multiple factors may have contributed to the crime rate decline
The presence of two concurrent changes means the crime drop cannot be attributed solely to one factor.
A passage argues that classical music education improves spatial reasoning in children. The author mentions that students in music programs also tend to have higher math scores. What can most reasonably be inferred?
Answer: Spatial reasoning and math performance may be related
The co-occurrence of improved spatial reasoning and math scores supports a possible relationship between the two abilities.
A legal passage states: 'No contract formed under duress is enforceable. The defendant signed the agreement under duress.' Which conclusion follows?
Answer: The agreement is unenforceable
Applying the general rule directly to the specific case yields the conclusion that the agreement is unenforceable.
A passage states that species diversity in a forest increased after controlled burns were introduced, while it had been declining for decades before. What is the most reasonable inference?
Answer: The absence of fire may have contributed to declining diversity
The reversal in diversity trend after introducing burns suggests fire absence may have played a role in the prior decline.