Pharmacological Therapies Flashcards
7 cards from real LPN practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pharmacological Therapies flashcards as text
A patient is receiving IV vancomycin too rapidly and develops flushing and redness of the face, neck, and chest. The nurse recognizes this as:
Answer: Red Man Syndrome
Red Man Syndrome is an infusion-related reaction to rapid vancomycin administration, causing flushing and erythema over the upper body.
Which instruction is most important when teaching a patient who is prescribed oral tetracycline?
Answer: Take on an empty stomach and avoid dairy products
Dairy products, antacids, and calcium chelate tetracycline, significantly reducing absorption; it should be taken on an empty stomach.
A patient is prescribed metformin for type 2 diabetes. When should this medication be held?
Answer: Before and after procedures requiring iodinated contrast dye
Metformin must be held before contrast procedures and for 48 hours after to prevent lactic acidosis if contrast causes acute kidney injury.
Which side effect is most commonly associated with ACE inhibitors such as lisinopril?
Answer: Hyperkalemia and persistent dry cough
ACE inhibitors commonly cause a dry, persistent cough due to bradykinin accumulation and can cause hyperkalemia by reducing aldosterone.
The nurse is administering insulin glargine (Lantus). Which statement is correct about this medication?
Answer: It is a long-acting insulin with no pronounced peak
Insulin glargine is a long-acting basal insulin with a flat action profile and no pronounced peak, providing 24-hour coverage.
A patient receiving heparin therapy has an aPTT result of 120 seconds (therapeutic range 60-100 seconds). What is the appropriate nursing action?
Answer: Notify the provider of supratherapeutic levels
An aPTT above the therapeutic range indicates supratherapeutic anticoagulation; the nurse should notify the provider for dose adjustment.
A nurse is preparing to administer a high-alert medication. Which safety practice is most critical?
Answer: Performing an independent double-check with another nurse
High-alert medications require an independent double-check by a second nurse to reduce the risk of serious patient harm.