LPC Career Development Theories 5 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: The Minnesota Importance Questionnaire (MIQ) was developed to measure which construct central to the Theory of Work Adjustment?
- Occupational interests
- Work-related values and needs (Correct answer)
- Career maturity
- Self-efficacy expectations
Correct answer: Work-related values and needs
The MIQ assesses vocational needs and values that workers want reinforced in their work environment, a key component of TWA.
Question 2: According to Gottfredson, which dimension of occupational aspirations is typically developed FIRST in childhood?
- Level of prestige
- Field of work
- Gender-role type (Correct answer)
- Personal interest area
Correct answer: Gender-role type
Gottfredson's theory holds that children first eliminate jobs inconsistent with their emerging gender-role orientation (around ages 6–8) before later filtering by prestige or field.
Question 3: In SCCT, 'outcome expectations' are best defined as:
- A person's belief that they can successfully perform a task
- Beliefs about the consequences that will follow from a behavior (Correct answer)
- The environmental supports that facilitate goal pursuit
- The range of career options a person considers acceptable
Correct answer: Beliefs about the consequences that will follow from a behavior
Outcome expectations are personal beliefs about the results—positive or negative—that will follow from performing a given behavior.
Question 4: A 55-year-old client is re-entering the workforce after raising children. According to Super's theory, this reflects which phenomenon?
- Recycling through earlier developmental stages (Correct answer)
- Late-stage career exploration failure
- A crystallization deficit
- Maladaptive career indecision
Correct answer: Recycling through earlier developmental stages
Super acknowledged that adults can recycle through earlier stages (growth, exploration, establishment) when facing new career transitions at any age.
Question 5: Which of the following best describes the 'consistency' dimension in Holland's theory?
- The degree to which a person's interests cluster around one type
- The relatedness of adjacent Holland types in a person's three-letter code (Correct answer)
- How stable a person's career interests are over time
- The match between the person and their work environment
Correct answer: The relatedness of adjacent Holland types in a person's three-letter code
Consistency refers to how closely related the two highest Holland types are on the hexagon; adjacent types share more in common than types farther apart.
Question 6: Herr, Cramer, and Niles's developmental approach to career counseling is most influenced by which broader theoretical framework?
- Psychoanalytic theory
- Life-span developmental theory (Correct answer)
- Cognitive-behavioral theory
- Person-centered theory
Correct answer: Life-span developmental theory
Their approach draws heavily on life-span developmental theory, particularly Super's work, viewing career development as a lifelong process.
Question 7: A client is considering leaving a stable but unrewarding job for a riskier but more meaningful one. A career counselor using Krumboltz's approach would MOST likely:
- Administer Holland's SDS to identify a better-fitting job type
- Explore the client's irrational beliefs about career change risk
- Help the client examine learned beliefs and be open to new learning experiences (Correct answer)
- Encourage the client to prioritize financial stability over meaning
Correct answer: Help the client examine learned beliefs and be open to new learning experiences
Krumboltz's approach encourages examining how past learning experiences shape beliefs and remaining open to new learning, including taking calculated risks.
LPC Career Development Theories 5
The Minnesota Importance Questionnaire (MIQ) was developed to measure which construct central to the Theory of Work Adjustment?