LOTE Second Language Acquisition and Teaching Methods 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: The Natural Approach to language teaching, developed by Krashen and Terrell, primarily emphasizes:
- Explicit grammar instruction and immediate error correction
- Providing comprehensible input in a low-anxiety environment (Correct answer)
- Memorizing vocabulary lists and verb conjugations
- Translation of authentic texts as the basis for instruction
Correct answer: Providing comprehensible input in a low-anxiety environment
The Natural Approach focuses on providing comprehensible input in a supportive, low-stress environment to facilitate natural acquisition rather than explicit grammar teaching.
Question 2: Total Physical Response (TPR), developed by James Asher, teaches language primarily through:
- Music and songs to reinforce vocabulary
- Physical movement in response to spoken commands (Correct answer)
- Technology and multimedia to present language
- Collaborative group work and peer teaching
Correct answer: Physical movement in response to spoken commands
TPR links language input with physical actions, helping learners internalize vocabulary and grammar through kinesthetic response to commands.
Question 3: In Content-Based Instruction (CBI), language skills are developed primarily through:
- Direct grammar lessons and language-focused exercises
- Subject matter content such as science, math, or social studies (Correct answer)
- Authentic literature from target language cultures
- Structured teacher-student dialogue practice
Correct answer: Subject matter content such as science, math, or social studies
Content-Based Instruction integrates language learning with academic subject matter, so students acquire language skills while engaging with meaningful content in the target language.
Question 4: Which error correction technique involves the teacher reformulating a student's incorrect utterance correctly without explicitly pointing out the error?
- Explicit correction
- Recasting (Correct answer)
- Elicitation
- Metalinguistic feedback
Correct answer: Recasting
Recasting involves the teacher naturally restating a learner's incorrect utterance in a correct form, providing implicit corrective feedback without interrupting communication.
Question 5: Which language learning theory views language acquisition as habit formation through imitation, reinforcement, and stimulus-response patterns?
- Nativist theory
- Interactionist theory
- Behaviorist theory (Correct answer)
- Cognitive theory
Correct answer: Behaviorist theory
Behaviorist theory, associated with B.F. Skinner, views language learning as the formation of habits through imitation of models and reinforcement of correct responses.
Question 6: The concept of the 'Zone of Proximal Development' (ZPD), relevant to scaffolded language instruction, was developed by:
- Noam Chomsky
- B.F. Skinner
- Stephen Krashen
- Lev Vygotsky (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Lev Vygotsky
Vygotsky's ZPD describes the range of tasks a learner can perform with guidance but not yet independently, emphasizing the social and collaborative nature of learning.
Question 7: Which instructional strategy involves providing temporary, adjustable support that is gradually removed as learners gain proficiency?
- Immersion
- Scaffolding (Correct answer)
- Silent sustained reading
- Pattern drilling
Correct answer: Scaffolding
Scaffolding provides structured, temporary support tailored to a learner's needs, which is gradually withdrawn as the learner develops greater independence.
LOTE Second Language Acquisition and Teaching Methods 2
The Natural Approach to language teaching, developed by Krashen and Terrell, primarily emphasizes: