LNAT Logical Deduction 4

Question 1

A law states: 'No vehicle may enter the park.' A baby pram is brought into the park. Which interpretive approach would most likely exclude the pram?

Accepted Answer

Literal rule

Answer

The literal rule applies the plain, ordinary meaning of words; 'vehicle' literally could include a pram, excluding it most strictly.

Question 2

If and only if a confession is voluntary, it is admissible. The confession was coerced. What follows?

Accepted Answer

The confession is inadmissible

Answer

A biconditional means admissibility requires voluntariness; a coerced (non-voluntary) confession is therefore inadmissible.

Question 3

Three witnesses give statements: W1 says the car was red; W2 says it was not blue; W3 says it was either red or green. If all three are truthful, what colour was the car?

Accepted Answer

Red

Answer

W1 says red; W2 rules out blue (consistent with red); W3 says red or green (red satisfies this); all three are satisfied by red.

Question 4

Premises: (1) All acts of perjury undermine justice. (2) Some witness statements undermine justice. Conclusion: Some witness statements are perjury. Is this valid?

Accepted Answer

No, the middle term is undistributed

Answer

The argument commits the fallacy of the undistributed middle: 'undermine justice' links both but doesn't mean the sets overlap.

Question 5

A rule states: 'Partners may vote only on matters within their practice area.' Partner X voted on a finance matter. What must be true?

Accepted Answer

X practises in finance

Answer

'Only if' means voting on finance is permitted only when X is in finance, so X must practise in finance.

LNAT Practice Test

LNAT Practice Test

LNAT Logical Deduction 4